FOLIO I · THINKER · GEN. 05 · N° 052

Vera C. Smith Lutz

Works
4
Articles
2
Generation
5.
Portrait of Vera C. Smith LutzPortrait of Vera C. Smith Lutz: Früheres Hauptportrait (1960)
FOL. 05 · N° 052 · Vera C. Smith Lutz
BIOGRAPHY

Life and Work

Vera C. Smith Lutz was a direct student of Friedrich August von Hayek. Under his supervision she wrote her dissertation, titled "The Rationale of Central Banking and the Free Banking Alternative". With this work she provided the scholarly foundation for the Free Banking movement that developed afterwards. Besides this foundational work she published further writings, for example "Italy, a Study in Economic Development" (1962) and "Central Planning for the Market Economy: An Analysis of the French Theory and Experience" (1969). Vera Smith was married to the German economist Friedrich A. Lutz, with whom she moved to the United States. After her time in the United States, where she had worked as an economist for the International Finance Section of Princeton University and for the League of Nations, the couple moved to Switzerland. Besides further scholarly publications written together with her husband, mention should also be made of her translations into English of individual works by Wilhelm Röpke, Oskar Morgenstern and Fritz Machlup.
Metadata
1. Januar 1912
20. August 1976
in Zürich, Schweiz
Generation 5
Life stations

Stations

  1. 1912
    1912
    Birth

    Born in 1912 in Kent, England.[3]

  2. ⁦1930–1935⁩
    ⁦1930–1935⁩
    Studies at the London School of Economics

    Studied economics at the London School of Economics (1930 to 1935) under Friedrich August von Hayek, Lionel Robbins, Theodore Gregory and John Hicks.[3]

  3. 1935
    1935
    Doctoral thesis under Hayek

    A direct student of Friedrich August von Hayek; in May 1935 she submitted to the LSE her doctoral thesis „Free Banking, or, A Reconsideration of the Historical and Analytical Basis of Central Banking“ (published as „The Rationale of Central Banking and the Free Banking Alternative“), supervised by Hayek, which became the scholarly foundation of the later free-banking movement.[3]

  4. ⁦1935–1937⁩
    ⁦1935–1937⁩
    Research Stay in Freiburg

    On Hayek's recommendation, a research stay in Freiburg im Breisgau to study the German monetary and banking system; there she met Friedrich A. Lutz, who was an assistant to Walter Eucken.[3]

  5. 1936
    1936
    „The Rationale of Central Banking“

    Publication of her doctoral thesis as “The Rationale of Central Banking and the Free Banking Alternative” (1936) – the scholarly foundation of the later free-banking movement.[3]

  6. 1937
    1937
    Marriage to Friedrich A. Lutz

    Married to the German economist Friedrich A. Lutz, with whom she moved to the United States.[3]

  7. ⁦1938–1953⁩
    ⁦1938–1953⁩
    Work in Princeton (International Financial Section, League of Nations)

    From 1938 in Princeton with her husband: Friedrich Lutz as an instructor at Princeton University, Vera working in the International Financial Section and for the League of Nations, which had been evacuated to Princeton.[3]

  8. 1951
    1951
    “The Theory of Investment of the Firm” (with F. A. Lutz)

    Together with Friedrich A. Lutz she published “The Theory of Investment of the Firm” (1951), influential for modern capital theory.[2]

  9. 1953
    1953
    Move to Switzerland

    After their time in the United States, the Lutz couple moved to Switzerland; Friedrich A. Lutz was at ETH Zurich from 1953.[3]

  10. 1962
    1962
    “Italy, a Study in Economic Development”

    Publication of “Italy, a Study in Economic Development”.[3]

  11. 1969
    1969
    “Central Planning for the Market Economy”

    Publication of “Central Planning for the Market Economy: An Analysis of the French Theory and Experience”.

  12. 1976
    1976
    Death

    Died in 1976 in Zurich, Switzerland.[3]

Relationships

Influences

Influenced by · 5
  1. ⁦1930–1935⁩
    ⁦1930–1935⁩

    A direct student of Friedrich August von Hayek; in 1935 she submitted her dissertation “The Rationale of Central Banking and the Free Banking Alternative”, supervised by Hayek, at the LSE.[1]

  2. ⁦1930–1935⁩
    ⁦1930–1935⁩
    John Hicks⁦(1904–1989)⁩ · Britische Neoklassik

    Studied at the LSE from 1930 to 1935, also under John Hicks.[3]

  3. ⁦1930–1935⁩
    ⁦1930–1935⁩
    Lionel Robbins⁦(1898–1984)⁩ · LSE

    Studied at the LSE from 1930 to 1935, also under Lionel Robbins.[3]

  4. ⁦1930–1935⁩
    ⁦1930–1935⁩
    Theodore E. Gregory⁦(1890–1970)⁩ · LSE

    Studied at the LSE from 1930 to 1935, also under Theodore Gregory.[3]

  5. ⁦1935–1937⁩
    ⁦1935–1937⁩
    Walter Eucken⁦(1891–1950)⁩ · Ordoliberalismus

    On Hayek's recommendation, a research stay in Freiburg im Breisgau from 1935 to 1937 to study the German monetary and banking system; through her connection to the Freiburg School around Walter Eucken (doctoral advisor of her later husband Friedrich Lutz) her intellectual formation was broadened.[3]

Influenced · 1
  1. Wilhelm Röpke⁦(1899–1966)⁩ · Ordoliberalismus

    Translated works of Wilhelm Röpke into English.

Private seminar, colleagues, Mont Pèlerin · 2
  1. ⁦1937–1976⁩
    ⁦1937–1976⁩
    Friedrich A. Lutz⁦(1901–1975)⁩ · Wiener / Princeton

    Married to the German economist Friedrich A. Lutz; together with him she wrote scholarly works, among them “The Theory of Investment of the Firm” (1951).[3]

  2. ⁦1948–1976⁩
    ⁦1948–1976⁩

    Became a member of the society in 1948, one year after Hayek founded the Mont Pèlerin Society, together with her husband Friedrich A. Lutz; Friedrich Lutz was later twice president of the MPS.[3]

Vera C. Smith Lutz in the context of the School as a whole: five generations, their teacher-student lineages, circles and collegial ties.

SOURCES ON STATIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS20 citations · 3 sources
  • [2]Lutz & Lutz (1951): Theory of Investment of the Firm
Topography

Places of Activity

CATALOGUE OF WORKS · CHRONOLOGICAL

The Books

1930s
1936
This study examines why the note issue became an exception to laissez-faire principles and why central banking was adopted in preference to free banking with competition in the issue of notes. Originally a 1935 doctoral dissertation written under Friedrich Hayek at the London School of Economics, the book first traces the banking histories of England, Scotland, France, the United States and Germany, showing how monopolies in the note issue arose largely from political motives and the needs of state finance. It then reviews the nineteenth-century theoretical debates in each country, grouping writers by their stance on the currency and banking schools and on central versus free banking. A concluding chapter reconsiders the main arguments for central banking, among them bank failures, cyclical instability, the lender of last resort, rational monetary policy and international cooperation. An appendix works through the clearing mechanism with arithmetical examples.
OriginalEnglish
1950s
1951
Theory of Investment of the Firm [with Friedrich Lutz]
OriginalEnglish
1960s
1963
Italy, a Study in Economic Development
OriginalEnglish
1969
Central Planning for the Market Economy: An Analysis of the French Theory and Experience
OriginalEnglish
ARTICLES · 2 CATALOGUED

Essays, Reviews, Lectures

1950s
1952
Real and Monetary Factors in the Determination of Employment Levels
OriginalEnglish
1955
Multiplier and Velocity Analysis: A Marriage
OriginalEnglish
APA
Chicago
German historical style